Which loan type requires a significant final payment after a series of smaller payments?

The partially amortized loan is characterized by requiring a series of smaller periodic payments, typically covering the interest and part of the principal over the loan term, followed by a significant final "balloon" payment. This means that while the borrower may pay a manageable amount each month, they must prepare for a large payment at the end of the loan term to fully pay off the remaining balance.

In contrast, fully amortized loans require consistent payments that instead break down into equal installments, ultimately paying off the entire loan balance by the end of the term without any further significant payments due. Fixed-rate mortgages maintain a consistent interest rate and monthly payment over the life of the loan, while adjustable-rate mortgages fluctuate in interest rates, usually not featuring the significant final payment characteristic of a partially amortized loan. Thus, the structure of the partially amortized loan distinctly highlights the necessity of a sizable final payment, which makes it the correct answer.